A substance that protects against oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption and LPS inflammation?

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TheresaB
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A substance that protects against oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption and LPS inflammation?

Post by TheresaB »

The below cited paper published 9 Jan 2025 in Nature found that pterostilbene, the primary antioxidant component of blueberries, protected against oxidative stress, blood-brain-barrier (BBB) disruption and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation.

Pterostilbene protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced inflammation and blood–brain barrier disruption in immortalized brain endothelial cell lines in vitro

Okay, findings are not definitive and this is mouse study, but
  • APOE4s experience blood-brain-barrier (BBB) breakdown before non-carriers.
  • APOE4s are already pro-inflammatory and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) are a particularly significant cause of inflammation in humans
  • Oxidative stress is a key factor in the development of dementia, particularly Alzheimer's disease (AD) and vascular dementia, both of which APOE4s are at greater risk
To read more on APOE4 BBB breakdown see the Apoe4.info wiki: ApoE ε4 and health conditions besides (or maybe contributing to) Alzheimer’s

To read more on inflammation and LPS, see the Apoe4.info wiki: Inflammation & LPS


The abstract:
Brain microvascular endothelial cells are connected by tight junction (TJ) proteins and interacted by adhesion molecules, which participate in the selective permeability of the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The disruption of BBB is associated with the progression of cerebral diseases. Pterostilbene is a natural compound found in blueberries and grapes with a wide range of biological activities, including anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anti-diabetic effects. In this study, we investigated the protective effects of pterostilbene on LPS-stimulated mouse brain endothelial (bEnd.3) cells and underlying mechanisms. The results showed that pterostilbene effectively upregulated the expressions of tight junction (TJ) proteins such as zonula occludens (ZO)-1 and claudin-5 and downregulated the expression of adhesion molecules such as intercellular adhesion molecule (ICAM)-1 and vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM)-1, preventing BBB damage under LPS stimulation. Pterostilbene decreased the LPS-triggered expressions of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 as well as the levels of interleukin (IL)-6, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and nitric oxide (NO). Meanwhile, we found that pterostilbene exerted an inhibitory effect on nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways in bEnd.3 cells upon LPS stimulation. Additionally, pterostilbene exhibited antioxidant effects by activating heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). These findings indicated that pterostilbene protected against lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced inflammation, oxidative stress and blood–brain barrier (BBB) disruption in bEnd.3 cells.
-Theresa
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BGTex
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Re: A substance that protects against oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption and LPS inflammation?

Post by BGTex »

Isn’t this the molecule that is very close to resveratrol?
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Re: A substance that protects against oxidative stress, blood-brain barrier disruption and LPS inflammation?

Post by floramaria »

BGTex wrote: Fri Jan 17, 2025 11:49 am Isn’t this the molecule that is very close to resveratrol?
Yes. On the Wikipedia entry for Pterostilbene it says “ Its chemical relative, resveratrol, received FDA GRAS status in 2007, and approval of synthetic resveratrol as a safe compound by the European Food Safety Authority (EFSA) in 2016. Pterostilbene differs from resveratrol by exhibiting increased bioavailability (80% compared to 20% in resveratrol) due to the presence of two methoxy groups which cause it to exhibit increased lipophilic and oral absorption.”
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