Top articles / recent research & helpful thoughts for ApoE4s

Insights and discussion from the cutting edge with reference to journal articles and other research papers.
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Top articles / recent research & helpful thoughts for ApoE4s

Post by TheresaB »

1st quarter 2021

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research are posted. Here are the top 10 links posted that generated the most interest during the first quarter (Jan – Mar) of this year, 2021.

1. Posted Feb 8, 2021
Potential of Caffeine in Alzheimer’s Disease—A Review of Experimental Studies
Caffeine – maybe, maybe not. “Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is the most common type of dementia leading to progressive memory loss and cognitive impairment. Considering that pharmacological treatment options for AD are few and not satisfactory, increasing attention is being paid to dietary components that may affect the development of the disease. Such a dietary component may be caffeine contained in coffee, tea or energy drinks. Although epidemiological data suggest that caffeine intake may counteract the development of cognitive impairment, results of those studies are not conclusive. The aim of the present study is to review the existing experimental studies on the efficacy of caffeine against AD and AD-related cognitive impairment, focusing on the proposed protective mechanisms of action. In conclusion, the reports of studies on experimental AD models generally supported the notion that caffeine may exert some beneficial effects in AD. However, further studies are necessary to elucidate the role of caffeine in the effects of its sources on cognition and possibly AD risk.”
direct link: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/537 ... MV7i1xGw40

2. Posted Jan 9, 2021
Biotin, mitochondria, and dementia: Research reveals a connection
"New research, just published in PNAS, now shows that some forms of severe neurodegeneration, like the frontotemporal dementia seen in Alzheimer's and Parkinson's, can directly result from lack of sufficient biotin."
direct link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-01- ... QTNZ0puVKM

3. Posted Jan 5, 2021
Dr. Sanjay Gupta's prescription for fighting off dementia
Dr Gupta believes that there are lifestyle changes we can employ that can absolutely delay the progression of dementia, and even reverse it. “Dr. Gupta said the key is doing activities that create "cognitive reserves" in the brain — areas of new nerve growth and wiring that can pick up the slack if needed.” Anyone planning on reading his soon to be released book “Keep Sharp?”
Direct link: https://www.cbsnews.com/news/sanjay-gup ... 54z4I6zecw

4. Posted Jan 17, 2021
Better diet and glucose uptake in the brain lead to longer life in fruit flies
ApoE4s tend to develop impaired glucose uptake in the brain. From this paper, researchers found that in fruit flies, “better glucose uptake compensates for age-related deterioration in motor functions, and led to longer life.” If that translates to humans, that might explain why we as ApoE4s also tend to suffer from shortened longevity. But this also means that from these findings, “The effect was more pronounced when coupled with dietary restrictions. That suggests healthier eating plus improved glucose uptake in the brain might lead to enhanced lifespans.”
Direct link: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases ... 1X2Sb1BfHY

5. Posted Jan 27, 2021
The Immunopathogenesis of Alzheimer’s Disease Is Related to the Composition of Gut Microbiota
Alzheimer’s starts in the gut. Yup, that’s what this paper says. How? Our body is host to trillions of microorganisms. This is typically a mutually advantageous relationship. 70% of these microorganisms reside in the gastrointestinal tract. But dysbiosis occurs when “bad” gut bugs overtake the “good” gut bugs. While often imperceptible, the body reacts to this, the immune system intervenes producing inflammation, and ApoE4s are already pro-inflammatory. That, in turn triggers neuroinflammation and finally neurodegeneration. Additionally, imbalanced gut bug composition can impair the intake and metabolism of nutrients. From the abstract of this paper, “In patients with Alzheimer’s disease (AD) significant alterations of the gut microbiota [bugs] have been demonstrated. Standard Western diet, infections, decreased physical activity and chronic stress impact the composition and diversity of gut microbiota.” It also says, "Modulation of gut microbiota by Mediterranean diet, probiotics and curcumin can slow down cognitive decline and alter the gut microbiome significantly.'
Direct link: https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/13/2/361 ... uYC_BWriwk

6. Posted Jan 1, 2021
Resveratrol and Neuroprotection: Impact and Its Therapeutic Potential in Alzheimer's Disease
Resveratrol is a polyphenol found in red wine and many plants. It has certain neuroprotective effects, except many resveratrol supplements are ineffective because of lack of bioavailability. “Resveratrol plays an important role in promotion of non-amyloidogenic cleavage of the amyloid precursor protein. It also enhances the clearance of amyloid beta-peptides and reduces the damage of neurons. Most experimental research on AD and resveratrol has been performed in many species, both in vitro and in vivo, during the last few years. Nevertheless, resveratrol’s effects are restricted by its bioavailability in the reservoir. Therefore, scientists have tried to improve its efficiency by using different methods. This review focuses on recent work done on the cell and animal cultures and also focuses on the neuroprotective molecular mechanisms of resveratrol. It also discusses about the therapeutic potential onto the treatment of AD.”
Direct Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... qbczIYexIU

7. Posted Mar 27, 2021
UArizona researcher finds a unique approach to tackle both Alzheimer’s disease and diabetes]
A University of Arizona Health Sciences researcher examined the role of cholesterol in both Alzheimer's disease and Type 2 diabetes to identify a small molecule that may help regulate cholesterol levels in the brain, making it a potential new therapeutic target for Alzheimer's disease.
Direct Link: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210 ... g4PWkky5T8

8. Posted Jan 14, 2021
Rotten egg gas could guard against Alzheimer's disease
Whatever works, I guess. “In experiments in mice, researchers have shown the foul-smelling gas may help protect aging brain cells against Alzheimer's disease. The discovery of the biochemical reactions that make this possible opens doors to the development of new drugs to combat neurodegenerative disease.”
Direct Link: https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases ... Y8xEsk3F6U

9. Posted Jan 26, 2021
Study Shows the Relationship Between Surgery and Alzheimer’s Disease
For goodness sake, if you need major surgery, have major surgery. But this may be something you'd wish to discuss with your doctor. This new study published in the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease carried out by researchers at the Marqués de Valdecilla-IDIVAL University Hospital, in collaboration with researchers at the University of Bonn Medical Center, proposes that major surgery is a promoter or accelerator of Alzheimer’s disease (AD).
Direct Link: https://neurosciencenews.com/alzheimers ... ZFZNBnIBIM

10. Posted Jan 10, 2021
Alzheimer’s brain tissue study uncovers three distinct disease subtypes
More evidence that Alzheimer’s Disease isn’t ONE disease. From these findings, only one third of the cases studied displayed “typical” Alzheimer’s hallmarks. “The new research set out to understand the specific molecular characteristics of different Alzheimer’s cases. Using RNA sequencing the research analyzed over 1,500 brain tissue samples, spanning five different brain regions.
Three major molecular subtypes of Alzheimer’s were identified based on factors including synaptic signaling, immune activity, mitochondria organization, myelination and specific gene activity. … The challenge moving forward will be to find ways to detect these disease subtypes easily in living patients.”
Direct Link: https://newatlas.com/science/alzheimers ... _37E0fdbKo
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Re: Top articles / recent research

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2nd quarter 2021

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research are posted. Here are the top 10 posts that generated the most interest during the second quarter (Apr – Jun) of this year.

1. Posted June 11, 2021
Imaging Study Reveals Brain Changes During the Transition to Menopause
The transition from pre- to post-menopause, with its steep decline in estrogen production, involves myriad changes to brain structure, brain-region connectivity, and brain energy consumption, though many of these changes are only temporary, a study led by researchers at Weill Cornell Medicine has found.
Direct link: https://news.weill.cornell.edu/news/202 ... N2GH3dmDR0

2. Posted June 11, 2021
Having Trouble Falling Asleep Predicts Cognitive Impairment in Later Life
A study of nearly 2,500 adults found that having trouble falling asleep, as compared to other patterns of insomnia, was the main insomnia symptom that predicted cognitive impairment 14 years later.
Direct link: https://neurosciencenews.com/sleep-cogn ... F-MtymcAZ0

3. Posted June 20, 2021
How Childhood Exercise Could Maintain and Promote Cognitive Function in Later Life
Children who are physically active have higher cognitive function and increased functional connectivity in the brain later in life than those who are less active, a new study reports.
Direct Link: https://neurosciencenews.com/child-exer ... QoCZXlJ68I

4. Posted Apr 22, 2021
Is Alzheimer’s Reversible? Getting to the Root Causes
Just released podcast where Dr Mark Hyman interviews Dr Bredesen. "Dr. Dale Bredesen and I talk about the many factors that lead to inflammation in the brain, cognitive decline, and eventually Alzheimer’s. Exposure to toxins like mercury and mold, nutrient deficiencies, hormonal imbalances, and an overload of sugar are some of the most common contributors. Genetics play a part, too—Dr. Bredesen breaks down the different ways the ApoE4 gene increases Alzheimer’s risk and how it impacts the general population."
Direct Link: https://drhyman.com/blog/2021/04/21/pod ... PHnE4kDS0w

5. Posted Apr 17, 2021
Brain Damage Linked to Common Compound In Everyday Plastic Items
The plasticizers contained in many everyday objects can impair important brain functions in humans. Biologists from the University of Bayreuth warn of this danger in an article in Communications Biology. Their study shows that even small amounts of the plasticizers bisphenol A and bisphenol S disrupt the transmission of signals between nerve cells in the brains of fish.
Direct Link: https://neurosciencenews.com/plasticize ... GGwLKRTE9U

6. Posted Apr 18, 2021

While inheriting one or two ApoEε4 alleles does present a greater risk for dementia, there are multiple factors that play a significant, arguably greater, role. The good news is, while we can’t control our genes, we can control most of those other factors. Either tilt the teeter totter toward dementia or away from it.
No direct link, just this graphic
Roads to Dementia.jpg
7. Posted Apr 3, 2021
New research on Alzheimer’s Disease shows ‘lifestyle origin at least in some degree’
“A new study from a team of BYU researchers finds novel cellular-level support for an alternate theory that is growing in strength: Alzheimer’s could actually be a result of metabolic dysfunction in the brain. In other words, there is growing evidence that diet and lifestyle are at the heart of Alzheimer’s Disease.”
Direct Link: https://news.byu.edu/new-research-on-al ... f4r2D8svrU

8. Posted June 1, 2021
Contribution of Gut Microbiota to Immunological Changes in Alzheimer’s Disease
“Emerging evidence suggests that both central and peripheral immunological processes play an important role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer’s disease (AD), but regulatory mechanisms remain unknown. The gut microbiota and its key metabolites are known to affect neuroinflammation by modulating the activity of peripheral and brain-resident immune cells, yet an overview on how the gut microbiota contribute to immunological alterations in AD is lacking. In this review, we discuss current literature on microbiota composition in AD patients and relevant animal models. Next, we highlight how microbiota and their metabolites may contribute to peripheral and central immunological changes in AD. Finally, we offer a future perspective on the translation of these findings into clinical practice by targeting gut microbiota to modulate inflammation in AD. Since we find that gut microbiota alterations in AD can induce peripheral and central immunological changes via the release of microbial metabolites, we propose that modulating their composition may alter ongoing inflammation and could therefore be a promising future strategy to fight progression of AD.”
Direct Link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... nJoBUEo908

9. Posted June 23, 2021
High levels of protein linked with heart health could protect against Alzheimer's-like brain damage
“By the time people with Alzheimer's disease start exhibiting difficulty remembering and thinking, the disease has been developing in their brains for two decades or more, and their brain tissue already has sustained damage. As the disease progresses, the damage accumulates, and their symptoms worsen.
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have found that high levels of a normal protein associated with reduced heart disease also protect against Alzheimer's-like brain damage - at least in mice. The findings, published June 21 in Neuron, suggest that raising levels of the protein -- known as low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDL receptor) -- could potentially be a way to slow or stop cognitive decline.
Direct Link: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210 ... UuCI-UDkGk

10. Posted April 10, 2021
Neuroprotective Herbs for the Management of Alzheimer’s Disease
Written by one of our own! With help from Dr Bredesen.
"This article reviews a subset of herbs for their anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and cognitive-enhancing effects. ... Conclusions—Medicinal plants have great potential as part of an overall program in the prevention and treatment of cognitive decline associated with AD [Alzheimer’s Disease]. It is hoped that these medicinal plants can be used in drug discovery programs for identifying safe and efficacious small molecules for AD."
Direct Link: https://www.mdpi.com/2218-273X/11/4/543 ... 66y7n3jvbA
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Re: Top articles / recent research

Post by TheresaB »

3rd quarter 2021

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research/interest are posted. Here are the top 10 Facebook posts that generated the most interest during the third quarter (July – September) of this year.

1. Posted August 28, 2021
Brain tissue inflammation is key to Alzheimer's disease progression
For the first time ever, the researchers showed in living patients that neuroinflammation—or activation of the brain's resident immune cells, called microglial cells—is not merely a consequence of disease progression; rather, it is a key upstream mechanism that is indispensable for disease development.
Direct article link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-08- ... ef-yFaCJSk

2. Posted August 28, 2021
Reduced Hippocampal GABA+ Is Associated With Poorer Episodic Memory in Healthy Older Women: A Pilot Study
Background: The current pilot study was designed to examine the association between hippocampal γ-aminobutyric acid (GABA) concentration and episodic memory in older individuals, as well as the impact of two major risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD)—female sex and Apolipoprotein ε4 (ApoE ε4) genotype—on this relationship.
Conclusions: This pilot study suggests that sex, but not ApoE ɛ4 genotype, moderates the relationship between hippocampal GABA+ and episodic memory, such that women with lower GABA+ concentration show worse memory performance. These findings, which must be interpreted with caution given the small sample size, may serve as a starting point for larger studies using multimodal neuroimaging to understand the contributions of GABA metabolism to age-related memory decline.
Direct article link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... F-qVbp5I34

3. Posted August 19, 2021
The ApoE4.Info Podcast: Episode 3 Dayan Goodenowe, PhD: Plasmalogens & Neurological Health (Part 2)
We’re stomping our foot on this one. A MUST LISTEN. It’s very possible Dr Goodenowe has found a game changer for ApoE4s. This podcast is almost 1.5 hours long, and a little science-y at times, but very understandable with many analogies, just let the few big words wash by, and listen to the concepts.
He explains why E4s accumulate more amyloid and what can be done about it.
He also addresses his recent clinical trial. Although the number of subjects was small, the results were remarkable and very hopeful, COGNITION and MUSCULARITY IMPROVED solely through his ProdromeNeuro supplementation.
This link also contains detailed show notes if you prefer reading to listening.
Our organization, ApoE4.info is very grateful for Dr Goodenowe. We’ve been connecting with him as a researcher for a few years now. He has been very generous to us with his time and knowledge. This is our second podcast interview with him.
Direct Podcast link: https://www.apoe4.info/wp/ep003-dayan-g ... k3uwjWuZLk

4. Posted September 30, 2021
ReCODE: A Personalized, Targeted, Multi-Factorial Therapeutic Program for Reversal of Cognitive Decline
"Our findings provide evidence that a multi-factorial, comprehensive, and personalized therapeutic program designed to mitigate AD risk factors can improve risk factor scores and stabilize or reverse the decline in cognitive function. Since superior results were obtained in the proof-of-concept trial, which was conducted by a small group of highly trained and experienced physicians, it is possible that results from the use of this personalized approach would be enhanced by further training and experience of the practicing physicians. Nonetheless, the current results provide further support indicating the potential of such an approach for the prevention and reversal of cognitive decline."
Direct article link:

5. Posted August 14, 2021
Study reveals missing link between high-fat diet, microbiota and heart disease
As ApoE4s we need to be mindful of issues affecting our hearts, our brains and well, the entire body. Our body is an intricate, interconnected system. This article may be of interest to those generating ketosis solely through a high-fat diet. From this article, “The collaborating research teams found that a high-fat diet causes inflammation and damages intestinal epithelial cells in animal models. The high-fat diet impairs the function of energy-generating mitochondria, Byndloss explained, causing the intestinal cells to produce more oxygen and nitrate.”
Direct article link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-08- ... GeEi988HL0

6. Posted September 19, 2021
Brain scans can help estimate the time when a person will start showing signs of dementia
Researchers at Washington University School of Medicine in St. Louis have developed an approach to estimating when a person with no cognitive symptoms will start showing signs of Alzheimer's dementia based on data from brain scans and the person's age.
Direct Link: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20210 ... 3u76suXfRs

7. Posted August 5, 2021
Keto diets review finds heart risks, cancer risk, dangers to pregnant women and kidney patients
As is common, the devil is in the details. There are many ways to go about keto and what’s described here is nowhere close to what we’ve ever recommended. From this article "The typical keto diet is a disease-promoting disaster," says lead review author Lee Crosby, RD, nutrition education program manager at Physicians Committee for Responsible Medicine. "Loading up on red meat, processed meat, and saturated fat and restricting carbohydrate-rich vegetables, fruits, legumes, and whole grains is a recipe for bad health." There are better ways to go about keto, it's not the ketones that's unhealthy, it can be how you go about generating the ketones.
Direct article link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-08- ... csgdA32lM4

8. Posted July 29, 2021
Borrowing from Dale Bredesen, MD facebook page:
"As we’ve discussed many times, certain nutrients are vital for cognitive health—for example, the following:
-DHA: Anti-inflammatory, necessary for synaptic formation
-Choline: Stimulates acetylcholine, essential for memory
-Vitamin B12: Prevents the loss of neurons, aids in homocysteine reduction
-Vitamin D: Turns on over 900 genes, provides neuroprotection
-Retinol: Important signaling molecule, modulates neurogenesis & neuroplasticity.
-Zinc: Decreases inflammation and boosts immune function.
Key deficiencies of these nutrients have been found in patients with Alzheimer’s disease. So what can you do to ensure that you’re fueling your brain properly?
Everyone needs to be wary of developing a deficiency in these nutrients, but vegans may be especially susceptible as the highest amounts and most bio-available forms of these nutrients are often found in animal foods. A carefully chosen nutrient-dense diet, comprised of a wide variety of foods, is your best defense against developing a deficit. But, if your diet is limited, always consider supplementation to ensure that your brain has the best chance of optimal performance."
001_Nutrients for optimal brain health.jpg
B12.png
Choline.png
DHA.png
Retinol.png
Vitamin D.png
Zinc.png
ApoE4.info Facebook link:
Dale Bredesen, MD Facebook link:

10. Posted Posted September 15, 2021
Circadian Clock Regulates Inflammation and the Development of Neurodegeneration
Our bodies are tuned to function in a synchronous manner with a “circadian” or day-and-night rhythm. Disruption of circadian clock machinery influences key activities involved in immune response and brain function. Moreover, immune activation has been closely linked to neurodegeneration. This review article discusses how targeting circadian clocks could be a potential strategy for the prevention and treatment of inflammation and neurodegenerative diseases.
Direct article link: https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10 ... _7GcNjfQLA
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Re: Top articles / recent research

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4th quarter 2021

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research/interest are posted. Here are the top 10 Facebook articles that generated the most interest during the fourth quarter (October – December) of 2021.

1. Posted: December 19, 2021
Dementia: The popular drink linked to a threefold greater risk of Alzheimer's – study

Direct article link: https://www.usadailyexpress.com/dementi ... 9RulpUtIMo


2. Posted: November 19, 2021
First Human Trial of Alzheimer's Nasal Vaccine to Begin in Boston

Direct article link: https://www.nbcconnecticut.com/news/hea ... 7qNysoyu_8


3. Posted: November 27, 2021
Alzheimer's disease: The vitamin deficiency found in 70% of patients - signs to spot

Direct article link: https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/he ... UGHgD94fH4


4. Posted: November 21, 2021
How herpes checks into the nervous system for life

Direct Article link: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2 ... S0A6RUBAbI


5. Posted: December 25, 2021
Diabetes Drug Normalizes Insulin Action in the Brain

Direct article link: https://www.technologynetworks.com/drug ... N68sohyLLA


6. Posted: October 16, 2021
How highly processed foods harm memory in the aging brain

Direct article link: https://medicalxpress.com/news/2021-10- ... 20mgMz1BW0


7. Posted: December 24, 2021
Study focuses on inherited Alzheimer’s up to 25 years before expected dementia onset

Direct article link: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20211 ... nt3zCNRpvc


8. Posted: October 10, 2021
Alzheimer's: The heretical and hopeful role of infection

Direct article link: https://www.bbc.com/future/article/2021 ... alzheimers


9. Posted: November 17, 2021
New Approach Provides Potential Vaccine and Treatment for Alzheimer’s

Direct article link: https://neurosciencenews.com/alzheimers ... 73yZwQ7dbo


10. 10. Posted: December 8, 2021
Erectile Dysfunction Drug a Possible Candidate for Alzheimer’s Treatment

Direct article link: https://neurosciencenews.com/viagra-alz ... JLp0GgLC-w
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Re: Top articles / recent research

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TheresaB wrote: Wed Apr 14, 2021 11:51 am In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) has a Facebook page where articles on current research are posted.
Awesome!! Appreciate your yeoman's work on a daily basis to find an curate all this awesome information!!
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Re: Top articles / recent research

Post by mike »

TheresaB wrote: Wed Apr 14, 2021 11:51 am In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) has a Facebook page where articles on current research are posted. Here are the top 10 links posted that generated the most interest during the first quarter (Jan – Mar) of this year.
I did a search of groups and could not find it...should I be using something other than "apoe4"? That brought up two groups, but neither seems correct...
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Re: Top articles / recent research

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mike wrote: Mon Jan 17, 2022 8:35 am I did a search of groups and could not find it...should I be using something other than "apoe4"? That brought up two groups, but neither seems correct.
It's not a group.

Try this link: https://www.facebook.com/apoe4.info
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Re: Top articles / recent research

Post by TheresaB »

1st quarter 2022

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research/interest are posted. Here are the top 10 Facebook articles that generated the most interest during the first quarter (January – March) of 2022.

1. Posted: February 10, 2022
How ‘therapeutic fibbing’ can help Alzheimer’s and dementia patients
When having a conversation with a senior with Alzheimer’s or dementia, it’s best if you don’t:
• Correct them when they say something wrong
• Argue with them about their error
• Ask them if they remember a person, event or place
• Remind them that someone they’re talking about is dead
In all of these situations, therapeutic fibbing would be a better choice because it allows the person to feel safe while you as a caregiver distract and redirect them.
Direct article link: https://www.seniorsmatter.com/therapeut ... QQe2XVQBVY

2. Posted: March 11, 2022
Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in indigenous Bolivian forager-horticulturalists
Is it our genes or our lifestyle? This study, "Prevalence of dementia and mild cognitive impairment in indigenous Bolivian forager-horticulturalists" finds lifestyle is of great importance. The indigenous populations of the Bolivian Amazon experience extraordinarily low rates of dementia. According to the study, “Low prevalence of dementia in Tsimane and Moseten occurs in populations with a physically active subsistence lifestyle and low rates of cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and obesity, which may protect brain health despite a high load of parasitic and bacterial infections.15, 18-21 In contrast, indigenous populations with high rates of dementia do not practice a subsistence lifestyle and are prone to these other conditions.4”
Direct article link: https://alz-journals.onlinelibrary.wile ... by3dmnd9RY

3. Posted: January 17, 2022
Green-med diet seems to slow age-related neurodegeneration, study finds
A green Mediterranean diet, high in polyphenols and low in red and processed meat, seems to slow age-related brain atrophy, according to a new study. The DIRECT PLUS 18-month long randomized control trial among approximately 300 participants is one of the longest and largest brain MRI trials in the world.
Direct article link: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2 ... gN9XSPAV6Q

4. Posted: January 14, 2022
The Powerful Case for Redefining Alzheimer’s Disease
According to the author of this piece, “Without a precise and accurate definition, there is no way to find a cure for any disease. Sadly, throughout the long history of Alzheimer’s disease research, strategy and politics have overruled science in the push to apply the label of Alzheimer’s disease to an ever-larger fraction of age-related cognitive decline and aging. As a result, we are left with basically no definition — or at least none of any value. Being in this situation, we are effectively blocked from making any real progress toward treatment. For proof of this, one needs to look no further than the unbroken string of expensive clinical trial failures. Our political calculus has overruled our common sense and caused us to stop listening to our own data — a clear example of how not to study a disease.”
Direct article link: https://thereader.mitpress.mit.edu/the- ... u_mOoNBj70

5. Posted: January 21, 2022
What Are the Health Implications of Saunas?
Several key prospective studies that have assessed the association of sauna bathing with acute and chronic disease conditions have demonstrated that sauna bathing can reduce the risk of cardiovascular mortality, coronary heart disease mortality, sudden cardiac death incidents, ischemic and hemorrhagic stroke, all-cause mortality, respiratory and Alzheimer's disease, dementia, and pneumonia.
Direct article link: https://www.news-medical.net/health/Wha ... vZwFD834iY

6. Posted: February 27, 2022
USC endocrinologist takes Alzheimer’s disease research in new directions
By studying the APOE4 gene and its impact on brain inflammation and metabolism of fatty acids, Keck School of Medicine of USC researcher, Dr Hussein Yassine MD, discovers potential new ways to prevent cognitive decline.
Direct article link: https://keck.usc.edu/usc-endocrinologis ... SK7db7K6wg

7. Posted: January 5, 2022
Alzheimer’s disease risk genes disturb the brain protective mechanism
The brain has a natural protective mechanism against Alzheimer's disease, and researchers at Baylor College of Medicine, Texas Children's Hospital and collaborating institutions have discovered that gene variants associated with risk of developing the disease disturb the protective mechanism in ways that can lead to neurodegeneration. The researchers also showed in a fruit fly model of the condition that a chemical known as ABCA1 agonist can restore certain alterations of the brain protective mechanism.
Direct article link: https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220 ... bSAFKRuWI4

8. Posted: January 7, 2022
Will we ever cure dementia?
Strategies for prevention are so important! “…dementia cannot be “fixed” quickly and with great effectiveness - like a heart attack or angina is with a stent, or like some cancers can be with surgery. First, it’s a cumulative condition with multiple causes that impact on the brain at various times during a person’s life span. Second, dementia creeps up on a person with changes in the brain beginning decades before a person actually starts to show symptoms.”
Direct article link: https://www.newsroom.co.nz/will-we-ever ... aBF3r2uzSg

9. Posted: January 26, 2022
Dementia breakthrough: The dietary pattern that may slash your risk by a whopping 50%
The extent to which you can possibly reduce your risk of dementia was hinted at in a study published in the journal Neurology. The study, entitled "Pattern of polyphenol intake and the long-term risk of dementia in older persons", investigated the impact dietary polyphenols have on dementia.
Direct article link: https://www.express.co.uk/life-style/he ... KWfArDE1o8

10. Posted: January 17, 2022
Irish study finds eight novel ways to live longer (it’s not all diet and genes)
The Irish Longitudinal Study on Ageing (TILDA), which followed almost 9,000 adults aged 50 and older, has generated more than 400 research papers over the past 12 years. The study covers all aspects of life – from sex to food, to physical and brain health, genetics, childhood experience, expectations, friendships, finance and much more – to illustrate why and how we age.
The good news is that we control 80 per cent of our ageing biology – only 20 per cent is controlled by our genes. So it is within our power to modify and improve most of the factors that influence our biological clocks, including inflammation.
Direct article link: https://www.irishtimes.com/culture/book ... pf9hMgkW1k
-Theresa
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TheresaB
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Re: Top articles / recent research

Post by TheresaB »

2nd quarter 2022

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page where articles on current research/interest are posted. Here are the top 11 Facebook articles that generated the most interest during the second quarter (April – June) of 2022. I usually post the top 10, but I liked the 11th post as it gives us ApoE4s hope, so I included it.

1. Posted: June 2, 2022
A rare mutation protects against Alzheimer's disease, Stanford-led research finds
While this newly discovered mutation is rare — found in fewer than 1 in 1,000 individuals, all us can hope we have it as it protects ApoE4 carriers against Alzheimer’s, but we also need to continue following a proactive lifestyle since the odds are so poor.
Direct article link: https://med.stanford.edu/news/all-news/ ... sea1fc1iE

2. Posted: May 27, 2022
Seven healthy habits linked to lower risk of dementia in those with genetic risk
Seven healthy habits and lifestyle factors may play a role in lowering the risk of dementia in people with the highest genetic risk, according to research published in the May 25, 2022, online issue of Neurology®, the medical journal of the American Academy of Neurology. The group with the highest genetic risk included people who had at least one copy of the APOE gene variant associated with Alzheimer's disease, APOE e4.
Direct article link: https://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2 ... ndRxEATY1w

3. Posted: April 10, 2022
Alzheimer’s Brain Barrier Damage Theory Could Pave Way for New Treatments
Lipids entering the brain as a result of damage to the blood-brain barrier may be a determining cause of Alzheimer’s disease. Researchers say simple lifestyle changes could reduce Alzheimer’s risks by reducing the impact on the BBB and decreasing Alzheimer’s associated brain damage.
Direct article link:https://neurosciencenews.com/alzheimers ... GVJfhzDkoI

4. Posted: May 7, 2022
Toxic Products Sold at Dollar Stores
Do you regularly shop at stores like Family Tree, Family Dollar, Dollar General, 99 Cents Only and Five Below? If so, you may be buying products containing harmful chemicals. This article includes a link to “Toxic Chemicals in Dollar Store Products: 2022 Report,” published by the Campaign for Healthier Solutions, a project of the Environmental Justice Health Alliance for Chemical Policy Reform and Coming Clean, Inc. that asks dollar stores to phase out hazardous chemicals from the things they sell. We're not trying to pick on these types of stores alone, we're trying to emphasize we should be judicious with everything we buy, regardless of source.
Direct article link: https://247wallst.com/special-report/20 ... f1-kdHzfI

5. Posted: June 16, 2022
Vitamin D Deficiency Leads to Dementia
A world-first study from the University of South Australia shows a direct link between dementia and a lack of vitamin D.
Direct article link: https://www.newswise.com/articles/vitam ... WeDb7L1aQ

6. Posted: May 12, 2022
Large Share of Alzheimer's, Dementia Cases Tied to 8 Modifiable Risk Factors
Eight modifiable risk factors were linked to more than one in three cases of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia in the U.S., a cross-sectional analysis showed.
Direct article link: https://www.medpagetoday.com/neurology/ ... 4hyPuix3Cw

7. Posted: April 5, 2022
'About as true as saying the earth is flat': Alzheimer's expert picks apart Biogen's Aduhelm manuscript
Lon Schneider, the University of South California professor who directs the California Alzheimer’s Disease Center, has been one of the most vocal critics of Biogen’s development program for aducanumab. Wary from the beginning, he picked apart the data that Biogen presented along the way and, when the FDA stamped its approval on Aduhelm, was among a group of experts to call for its “accelerated withdrawal” and applauded the CMS’ decision to restrict coverage.
Direct article link: https://endpts.com/about-as-true-as-say ... anuscript/

7. Posted: April 19, 2022
This BYU professor is leading the fight against the ‘plagues of prosperity’
Avoiding insulin resistance is the key to combating diabetes, heart disease, hypertension, Alzheimer’s and myriad other modern maladies, says BYU metabolic scientist Ben Bikman.
Direct article link: https://www.deseret.com/utah/2022/4/17/ ... en-bikman?

9. Posted:April 15, 2022
Peter on Alzheimer’s disease prevention and the latest on APOE4
It turns out that there are a bunch of other genes that we’re now starting to understand, modify the risk of e4 (some genes make it more significant, some genes make it less)
Direct article link: https://peterattiamd.com/peter-on-alzhe ... D9tNLNFAm8


10. Posted: April 2, 2022
How to get into ketosis faster
Ketosis is a natural metabolic state in which the body primarily burns stored fat, instead of glucose, for fuel. The ability of the body to generate ketones has benefits beyond just as a weight loss/control diet or for generating an alternate fuel for the brain to compensate for impaired glucose uptake in the brain so common in ApoE4s; ketones burn cleaner and generate more energy than glucose, they act as signaling molecules to improve certain metabolic pathways, they stabilize brain network communication plus other benefits. This article offers seven tips for entering ketosis.
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articl ... kUNjMK2Jq0

Bonus:
11. Posted: May 10, 2022
Morgan Levine: ‘Only 10-30% of our lifespan is estimated to be due to genetics’
Do you fill with dread about being an ApoE4 carrier? Well, according to Dr Morgan Levine, assistant professor of pathology and epidemiology at Yale University’s school of medicine, more of your fate is in your own hands, not your genes. We have two ages: a fixed chronological age based on when we were born and a malleable biological age – the age at which our body is functioning, which can be affected by our lifestyle choices. Biological age is more informative than chronological age for predicting risk of disease or death and biological age is modifiable to make the clock tick slower, or even possibly go backwards.
https://www.theguardian.com/science/202 ... jEpyt1EcwE
-Theresa
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Re: Top articles / recent research

Post by TheresaB »

3rd quarter 2022

In addition to this website, we (ApoE4.info) have a Facebook page https://www.facebook.com/apoe4.info where current research/article of interest are posted. Here are the top 10 Facebook papers/articles that generated the most interest during the third quarter (July – Sept) of 2022.

1. Posted August 21, 2022
A guide to 16:8 intermittent fasting
https://www.medicalnewstoday.com/articl ... xedContent
People who follow 16:8 intermittent fasting will fast for 16 hours a day and consume all of their calories during the remaining 8 hours. Some people believe that this method works by supporting the body’s circadian rhythm, its internal clock, and a disrupted circadian clock has been found to contribute to Alzheimer’s. Not mentioned in the article is that this also encourages autophagy, which is basically the body’s housekeeping. The body can only do clean up and repair work during down time (fasted state).

1. Posted July 24, 2022
Signs of Alzheimer’s in Blood 17 Years Before Symptoms Begin
https://neurosciencenews.com/blood-alzh ... owCQFzjNME
A newly developed immuno-infrared sensor allowed researchers to discover biomarkers for Alzheimer’s disease in blood samples 17 years before clinical symptoms appeared. The sensory is able to detect the misfolding of amyloid beta.

3. Posted August 18, 2022
Neither cholesterol nor statins can explain an increased risk of developing dementia
https://www.news-medical.net/news/20220 ... HhIlCfIOqM
In a new study’s conclusion, neither cholesterol itself nor statins can explain an increased risk of developing dementia. The real reason may be that lifestyle habits lead to high cholesterol.
The research involved a thorough study of the health of people with hereditary high cholesterol. These patients' high cholesterol is not caused by their lifestyle and by and large, they do not eat unhealthily. Instead, their high cholesterol is genetic.

4. Posted August 20, 2022
APOE4 drives inflammation in human astrocytes via TAGLN3 repression and NF-κB activation
https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/35977506/
Apolipoprotein E4 (APOEε4) is the major allelic risk factor for late-onset sporadic Alzheimer's disease (sAD). Inflammation is increasingly considered as critical in sAD initiation and progression. Identifying brain molecular mechanisms that could bridge these two risk factors remain unelucidated. Leveraging induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-based strategies, we demonstrate that APOE controls inflammation in human astrocytes by regulating Transgelin 3 (TAGLN3) expression and, ultimately, nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation. We uncover that APOE4 specifically downregulates TAGLN3, involving histone deacetylases activity, which results in low-grade chronic inflammation and hyperactivated inflammatory responses. We show that APOE4 exerts a dominant negative effect to prime astrocytes toward a pro-inflammatory state that is pharmacologically reversible by TAGLN3 supplementation. We further confirm that TAGLN3 is downregulated in the brain of patients with sAD. Our findings highlight the APOE-TAGLN3-NF-κB axis regulating neuroinflammation in human astrocytes and reveal TAGLN3 as a molecular target to modulate neuroinflammation, as well as a potential biomarker for AD.

5. Posted August 27, 2022
HKUST team finds key protein in Alzheimer's disease puzzle
https://www.thestandard.com.hk/section- ... XY9WJe-3XU
Scientists at the Hong Kong University of Science and Technology have identified a blood protein that plays a key role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease - a discovery that could help treat.
The correlation between sST2 levels and genetic factors is particularly keen in women carrying the APOE4 gene, who not only bear a higher risk of developing AD, but also show severe symptoms.

6. Posted August 16, 2022
Reprogramming the Brain’s Cleaning Crew to Mop Up Alzheimer’s Disease
https://neurosciencenews.com/microglia- ... wAR1igkboL
Using CRISPR gene editing, researchers were able to control microglia and reverse their toxic state associated with Alzheimer’s disease, and put them back on track

7. Posted July 31, 2022
Chickenpox Virus May Trigger the Onset of Alzheimer’s Disease
https://neurosciencenews.com/chickenpox ... iSPqR50o38
Varicella zoster virus (VZV), the virus that causes chickenpox and shingles, may activate the herpes simplex virus and trigger the onset of Alzheimer’s disease, a new mouse study

8. Posted Sept 5, 2022
The #1 Root Cause of Alzheimer's, Say Physicians
https://www.eatthis.com/root-causes-of- ... 6hbVbovAAE
"Alzheimer's disease is not an inevitable consequence of aging," says Brooks Kenny, executive director at WomenAgainstAlzheimer's and director of the Be Brain Powerful™ campaign. "Science is catching up, and there are things we can do to take care of our brain health and reduce our risks." Here are the main causes of Alzheimer's, including the #1 root cause, according to doctors.

9. Posted July 20, 2022
Sustained high body temperature exacerbates cognitive function and Alzheimer’s disease-related pathologies
https://www.nature.com/articles/s41598- ... 4m6A48LjYg
High body temperature is one of the important risk factors for Alzheimer’s disease (AD), and the body temperature of AD patients has been found to be significantly higher than that of elderly control subjects. However, the effects of high body temperature on cognitive function and AD pathologies have not been completely elucidated. ... Taken together, our findings suggest that high body temperature exacerbates cognitive function and AD pathologies, which provides a mechanistic insight for its prevention.

10. Posted: August 19, 2022
Nootropics as Cognitive Enhancers: Types, Dosage and Side Effects of Smart Drugs
https://www.mdpi.com/2072-6643/14/16/33 ... OV93IjgDw0
Nootropics, also known as “smart drugs” are a diverse group of medicinal substances whose action improves human thinking, learning, and memory, especially in cases where these functions are impaired. This review provides an up-to-date overview of the potential effectiveness and importance of nootropics. Based on their nature and their effects, this heterogeneous group of drugs has been divided into four subgroups: classical nootropic compounds, substances increasing brain metabolism, cholinergic, and plants and their extracts with nootropic effects. Each subgroup of nootropics contains several main representatives, and for each one, its uses, indications, experimental treatments, dosage, and possible side effects and contraindications are discussed. For the nootropic plant extracts, there is also a brief description of each plant representative, its occurrence, history, and chemical composition of the medicinal part. Lastly, specific recommendations regarding the use of nootropics by both ill and healthy individuals are summarized.
-Theresa
ApoE 4/4
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